ASTM D7414-2009 使用傅里叶变换红外(FT-R)光谱法通过趋势分析监控使用中的石油和碳氢化合物基润滑剂中的磷酸酯抗磨剂的氧化状态的标准试验方法
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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforConditionMonitoringofOxidationinIn-ServicePetroleumandHydrocarbonBasedLubricantsbyTrendAnalysisUsingFourierTransformInfrared(FT-IR)Spectrometry
【原文标准名称】:使用傅里叶变换红外(FT-R)光谱法通过趋势分析监控使用中的石油和碳氢化合物基润滑剂中的磷酸酯抗磨剂的氧化状态的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD7414-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.96
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:条件控制
【英文主题词】:conditionmonitoring;differentialtrendanalysis;directtrendanalysis;Fouriertransforminfrared;FT-IR;hydrocarbonbasedlubricants;in-servicepetroleumlubricants;infrared;IR;lubricants;oils;oxidation
【摘要】:Alargenumberofcompounds,suchasaldehydes,ketones,esters,andcarboxylicacids,areproducedwhenoilsreactwithatmosphericoxygen.OxidationismeasuredusingacommonFT-IRspectralfeaturebetween1800and1670cm-1causedbytheabsorptionofthecarbonylgrouppresentinmostoxidationcompounds.Theseoxidationproductsmayleadtoincreasedviscosity(causingoilthickeningproblems),acidity(causingacidiccorrosion),andformationofsludgeandvarnish(leadingtofilterplugging,foulingofcriticaloilclearancesandvalvefriction).Monitoringofoxidationproductsisthereforeanimportantparameterindeterminingoverallmachineryhealthandshouldbeconsideredinconjunctionwithdatafromothertestssuchasatomicemission(AE)andatomicabsorption(AA)spectroscopyforwearmetalanalysis(TestMethodD5185),physicalpropertytests(TestMethodsD445andD6304),basereserve(TestMethodD2896andD4739),acidnumbertests(TestMethodsD664andD974)andotherFT-IRoilanalysismethodsfornitration(PracticeE2412),sulfateby-products(TestMethodD7415),additivedepletion(TestMethodD7412),breakdownproductsandexternalcontaminants(PracticeE2412),whichalsoassesselementsoftheoilx2019;scondition,seeRefs(1-6).1.1Thistestmethodcoversmonitoringoxidationinin-servicepetroleumandhydrocarbonbasedlubricantssuchasindieselcrankcase,motor,hydraulic,gearandcompressoroils,aswellasothertypesoflubricantsthatarepronetooxidation.1.2ThistestmethodusesFourierTransformInfrared(FT-IR)spectrometryformonitoringbuild-upofoxidationproductsinin-servicepetroleumandhydrocarbonbasedlubricantsasaresultofnormalmachineryoperation.Petroleumandhydrocarbonbasedlubricantsreactwithoxygenintheairtoformanumberofdifferentchemicalspecies,includingaldehydes,ketones,esters,andcarboxylicacids.Thistestmethodisdesignedasafast,simplespectroscopiccheckformonitoringofoxidationinin-servicepetroleumandhydrocarbonbasedlubricantswiththeobjectiveofhelpingdiagnosetheoperationalconditionofthemachinebasedonmeasuringthelevelofoxidationintheoil.1.3AcquisitionofFT-IRspectraldataformeasuringoxidationinin-serviceoilandlubricantsamplesisdescribedinPracticeD7418.Inthistestmethod,measurementanddatainterpretationparametersforoxidationusingbothdirecttrendanalysisanddifferential(spectralsubtraction)trendanalysisarepresented.1.4Thistestmethodisbasedontrendingofspectralchangesassociatedwithoxidationofin-servicepetroleumandhydrocarbonbasedlubricants.Warningsoralarmlimitscanbesetonthebasisofafixedminimumvalueforasinglemeasurementor,alternatively,canbebasedonarateofchangeoftheresponsemeasured,seeRef(1).1.4.1Fordirecttrendanalysis,valuesarerecordeddirectlyfromabsorptionspectraandreportedinunitsofabsorbanceper0.1mmpathlength.1.4.2Fordifferentialtrendanalysis,valuesarerecordedfromthedifferentialspectra(spectrumobtainedbysubtractionoftheabsorptionspectrumofthereferenceoilfromthatofthein-serviceoil)andreportedinunitsof100*absorbanceper0.1mmpathlength(orequivalentlyabsorbanceunitspercentimetre).1.4.3Ineithercase,maintenanceactionlimitsshouldbedeterminedthroughstatisticalanalysis,historyofthesameorsimilarequipment,roundrobintestsorothermethodsinconjunctionwiththecorrelationofoxidationchangestoequipmentperformance.
【原文标准名称】:使用傅里叶变换红外(FT-R)光谱法通过趋势分析监控使用中的石油和碳氢化合物基润滑剂中的磷酸酯抗磨剂的氧化状态的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD7414-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.96
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:条件控制
【英文主题词】:conditionmonitoring;differentialtrendanalysis;directtrendanalysis;Fouriertransforminfrared;FT-IR;hydrocarbonbasedlubricants;in-servicepetroleumlubricants;infrared;IR;lubricants;oils;oxidation
【摘要】:Alargenumberofcompounds,suchasaldehydes,ketones,esters,andcarboxylicacids,areproducedwhenoilsreactwithatmosphericoxygen.OxidationismeasuredusingacommonFT-IRspectralfeaturebetween1800and1670cm-1causedbytheabsorptionofthecarbonylgrouppresentinmostoxidationcompounds.Theseoxidationproductsmayleadtoincreasedviscosity(causingoilthickeningproblems),acidity(causingacidiccorrosion),andformationofsludgeandvarnish(leadingtofilterplugging,foulingofcriticaloilclearancesandvalvefriction).Monitoringofoxidationproductsisthereforeanimportantparameterindeterminingoverallmachineryhealthandshouldbeconsideredinconjunctionwithdatafromothertestssuchasatomicemission(AE)andatomicabsorption(AA)spectroscopyforwearmetalanalysis(TestMethodD5185),physicalpropertytests(TestMethodsD445andD6304),basereserve(TestMethodD2896andD4739),acidnumbertests(TestMethodsD664andD974)andotherFT-IRoilanalysismethodsfornitration(PracticeE2412),sulfateby-products(TestMethodD7415),additivedepletion(TestMethodD7412),breakdownproductsandexternalcontaminants(PracticeE2412),whichalsoassesselementsoftheoilx2019;scondition,seeRefs(1-6).1.1Thistestmethodcoversmonitoringoxidationinin-servicepetroleumandhydrocarbonbasedlubricantssuchasindieselcrankcase,motor,hydraulic,gearandcompressoroils,aswellasothertypesoflubricantsthatarepronetooxidation.1.2ThistestmethodusesFourierTransformInfrared(FT-IR)spectrometryformonitoringbuild-upofoxidationproductsinin-servicepetroleumandhydrocarbonbasedlubricantsasaresultofnormalmachineryoperation.Petroleumandhydrocarbonbasedlubricantsreactwithoxygenintheairtoformanumberofdifferentchemicalspecies,includingaldehydes,ketones,esters,andcarboxylicacids.Thistestmethodisdesignedasafast,simplespectroscopiccheckformonitoringofoxidationinin-servicepetroleumandhydrocarbonbasedlubricantswiththeobjectiveofhelpingdiagnosetheoperationalconditionofthemachinebasedonmeasuringthelevelofoxidationintheoil.1.3AcquisitionofFT-IRspectraldataformeasuringoxidationinin-serviceoilandlubricantsamplesisdescribedinPracticeD7418.Inthistestmethod,measurementanddatainterpretationparametersforoxidationusingbothdirecttrendanalysisanddifferential(spectralsubtraction)trendanalysisarepresented.1.4Thistestmethodisbasedontrendingofspectralchangesassociatedwithoxidationofin-servicepetroleumandhydrocarbonbasedlubricants.Warningsoralarmlimitscanbesetonthebasisofafixedminimumvalueforasinglemeasurementor,alternatively,canbebasedonarateofchangeoftheresponsemeasured,seeRef(1).1.4.1Fordirecttrendanalysis,valuesarerecordeddirectlyfromabsorptionspectraandreportedinunitsofabsorbanceper0.1mmpathlength.1.4.2Fordifferentialtrendanalysis,valuesarerecordedfromthedifferentialspectra(spectrumobtainedbysubtractionoftheabsorptionspectrumofthereferenceoilfromthatofthein-serviceoil)andreportedinunitsof100*absorbanceper0.1mmpathlength(orequivalentlyabsorbanceunitspercentimetre).1.4.3Ineithercase,maintenanceactionlimitsshouldbedeterminedthroughstatisticalanalysis,historyofthesameorsimilarequipment,roundrobintestsorothermethodsinconjunctionwiththecorrelationofoxidationchangestoequipmentperformance.
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